1. Newmont (TSX:NGT,NYSE:NEM)

Production: 213.03 metric tons

Newmont is the world’s top gold-mining company. In 2024, the company reported production of 192.96 metric tons of gold.

Newmont has a diverse portfolio of assets, with significant operations in North and South America, Australia and Africa.

Its portfolio includes a 38.5 percent interest in Nevada Gold Mines in Nevada, US, through a joint venture with majority owner Barrick Mining (TSX:ABX,NYSE:B).

In 2024, the Nevada Gold Mines complex produced 2.68 million ounces (83.48 metric tons) of gold. Newmont’s attributable share is 1.03 million ounces, or 32.14 metric tons.

The company’s next largest operation is its wholly owned Ahafo South Complex in Ghana. It consists of three mines, the Subika and Awonsu open pits, and the Subika underground mine. Last year, the asset produced 798,000 ounces (24.28 metric tons) of gold for Newmont. The company’s Ahafo North open pit mine achieved commercial production in late 2025 and is expected to average 275,000 and 325,000 ounces of gold per year.

In January 2025, Newmont sold its Porcupine Complex in Ontario, Canada, to Discovery Silver for total consideration of US$425 million. In 2024, the mine produced 270,000 ounces (8 metric tons) of gold. The sale is part of Newmont’s larger divestiture of US$4.3 billion in non-core assets.

2. Barrick Mining (TSX:ABX,NYSE:B)

Production: 121.65 metric tons

Barrick Mining produced 121.65 metric tons of attributable gold in 2024, landing it as the second highest gold producer in the world. Like Newmont, Barrick is a global producer and owns assets on nearly every continent.

Barrick’s largest operation is its 61.5 percent stake in Nevada Gold Mines alongside Newmont. The gold complex accounted for 1.65 million ounces, or 51.34 metric tons, of Barrick’s gold production in 2024.

The company’s second-largest producing asset is its 80 percent owned Loulo-Gounkoto gold complex in Mali, which produced 578,400 ounces of gold in 2024 for Barrick.

While much of Barrick’s production has remained steady over the past several years, disagreements with the Malian government, run by a military junta since a 2021 coup, has brought uncertainty to its operations there.

In 2024, the government accused Barrick of failing to pay its taxes amid changes to royalty rights and mining licenses. It arrested four workers there and issued an arrest warrant for then-CEO Mark Bristow.

In June 2025, the Mali government placed the mine under provisional administration, as a resolution of the dispute failed to materialize.

3. Agnico Eagle Mines (TSX:AEM,NYSE:AEM)

Production: 108.41 metric tons

In 2024, Agnico Eagle produced 108.41 metric tons of gold, taking third place among the world’s biggest gold producers. It wholly owns its portfolio of 11 mines, with seven in Canada, two in Mexico and one in each of Australia and Finland.

The company’s Detour Lake and Canadian Malartic mines in Canada are some of the world’s biggest gold mines.

In 2024, its Detour Lake operation, in Ontario near the Québec border, produced 671,950 ounces (20.9 metric tons) of gold. Just behind was the Canadian Malartic Complex in Québec, which produced 655,654 ounces (20.4 metric tons) in 2024.

Gold production at Canadian Malartic peaked at 715,000 ounces (22 metric tons) in 2021 The mine is a combination of open pit and underground mines; however, the main open pit was depleted in 2023, and the mine is expected to transition to fully underground operations by 2029.

4. Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Company

Production: 96.42 metric tons

In 2024, Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Company produced 96.42 metric tons of gold. NMMC is the largest mining company operating in Uzbekistan, with 12 mines. The company has been in operation since the 1960s, when the country was still part of the Soviet Union.

NMMC’s primary asset is the Muruntau mine, which produced an estimated 2.68 million ounces of gold in 2024. Muruntau is the world’s largest open pit mine and the second highest gold producing mine in the world. It has been in production since 1969.

The company is working on modernizing its operations and considering a potential public listing.

5. Polyus (LSE:PLZL,MCX:PLZL)

Production: 93.36 metric tons

Polyus produced 93.37 metric tons of gold in 2024. The gold company is the largest gold producer in Russia from five wholly owned operations in the country.

Polyus holds significant proven and probable gold reserves of 101 million ounces, or 3,141 metric tons.

Its largest asset is the Olimpiada mine in Eastern Siberia. In 2024, the mine produced 1.48 million ounces (46.93 metric tons) of gold, putting it among the top gold operations in the world. Its second biggest mine is Blagodatnoye, also in Siberia, which produced 500,300 ounces (15.56 metric tons) of gold in 2024.

6. AngloGold Ashanti (NYSE:AU,ASX:AGG)

Production: 82.35 metric tons

AngloGold Ashanti produced 82.74 metric tons of attributable gold in 2024, putting it among the top Africa-based gold mining companies.

The company has a portfolio of nine mining assets spread across seven countries in Africa, South America and Australia, as well as numerous exploration projects around the world.

AngloGold’s largest wholly owned operation is the Geita mine in Northwest Tanzania. The property consists of multiple open-pit and underground operations, which produced 483,000 ounces (15 metric tons) of gold in 2024.

The company also owns a 45 percent interest in the Kibali mine located in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The mine is the largest gold operation in Africa, producing 686,000 ounces (21.34 metric tons) in 2024, with 308,700 ounces (9.6 metric tons) attributable to AngloGold. The remaining ownership in the mine is held by Barrick Mining at 45 percent and the DRC government at 10 percent.

7. Kinross Gold (TSX:K,NYSE:KGC)

Production: 66.19 metric tons

Kinross Gold ranked seventh on our list of top gold producers with 66.17 metric tons of attributable gold equivalent production in 2024. Kinross maintains considerable and steady output from a portfolio of six assets across Canada, the US, Brazil, Chile and Mauritania.

Kinross has full ownership over all its operating assets, with the exception of its 70 percent owned Manh Choh mine in Alaska, US. The company began processing ore from Manh Choh at its Fort Knox operations through the Peak Gold joint venture in 2024.

The biggest contributor to Kinross’s output is its Tasiast mine in Western Mauritania, which produced 622,394 ounces (19.36 metric tons) of gold in 2024. Tasiast is currently an open-pit operation, and the company has been working to explore the underground potential of the mine at several key targets.

Among Kinross’ other assets, Paracatu stands out with its 528,574 ounces (16.44 metric tons) of gold production in 2024, making it the third largest gold mine in Brazil.

8. Gold Fields (NYSE:GFI)

Production: 64.21 metric tons

Gold Fields was the eighth biggest gold company in 2024, producing 61.75 metric tons of the yellow metal. The company is a globally diversified gold producer with nine mining operations across Australia, Chile, Peru, Ghana and South Africa. The company also owns the Windfall gold project in Canada.

Gold Fields’ most significant gold operation is the Tarkwa mine in Southern Ghana, one of the largest gold mines in West Africa. Gold Fields holds a 90 percent interest in the mine, with the remaining 10 percent owned by the Government of Ghana.

The mine consists of four open pits. In 2024, the operation produced 537,000 ounces (16.7 metric tons) for Gold Fields.

Its next largest asset is its wholly owned St Ives complex in the Eastern Goldfields region of Western Australia. The operation, which commenced production in the 1980s, currently consists of two open pits and two underground mines. It delivered 331,000 ounces (10.3 metric tons) of gold in 2024.

9. Zijin Mining Group (OTC Pink:ZIJMF)

Production: 62.21 metric tons

In 2024, Zijin Mining Group produced 62.21 metric tons of attributable gold from its mines across Asia, Africa, Australia and South America. Although the company is not exclusively a gold producer, its substantial portfolio of assets has helped it become China’s leading gold company.

Its most significant contributor to gold production came from its Norton complex near Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. The asset is a conglomeration of several different mines and delivered 263,000 ounces (8.18 metric tons) of gold in 2024.

Zijin’s next largest gold operation is Buriticá, an underground gold mine located near Medellín, Colombia, of which it holds 69.28 percent ownership. In 2022, the mine underwent an expansion that included upgrades to its mining equipment, improving the overall processing capacity. In 2024, the mine produced 322,000 ounces (10.02 metric tons) of gold, with 223,000 ounces (6.94 metric tons) attributable to Zijin.

10. Harmony Gold Mining Company (NYSE:HMY,JSE:HAR)

Production: 47.51 metric tons

In 2024, Harmony Gold Mining Company produced 47.51 metric tons of gold, making it the world’s 10th largest gold mining company.

The majority of the company’s large portfolio of wholly owned operations are located in South Africa, and it also operates the Hidden Valley mine in Papua New Guinea.

Harmony Gold’s top operation is the Mponeng mine in Northern South Africa. The underground mine is among the deepest in the world, where gold is retrieved from depths of approximately 4 kilometers. In the calendar year 2024, Mponeng produced 320,993 ounces (9.98 metric tons) of gold.

Harmony also owns the Moab Khotsong mine in Northern South Africa, an underground mine consisting of three vertical shaft systems. It started production in 2003, making it one of South Africa’s younger deep-level underground mines. In 2024, the mine contributed 202,742 ounces (6.31 metric tons) to Harmony’s total output.

With a mission to “supply the fuel for a clean energy future,” Standard Uranium (TSXV:STND,USOTC:STTDF,FRA:9SU0) is unlocking the next generation of high-grade uranium discoveries to power global nuclear growth. The company’s dual-track strategy drives value through aggressive exploration at its flagship Davidson River Project—a premier discovery opportunity in the heart of the Athabasca Basin.

With a fully funded drill program scheduled for spring 2026 at its flagship Davidson River project, and joint ventures on other highly prospective projects, the company provides investors early stage exposure to the emerging nuclear energy market.

Located in the southwest Athabasca Basin, approximately 25 kilometres west of NexGen’s Arrow deposit and Paladin Energy’s Triple R deposit, the Davidson River project spans 30,737 hectares across 10 contiguous mineral claims. The property lies along the same structural trends that hosts these globally significant discoveries.

Company Highlights

• Flagship Davidson River Project: Large-scale, high-priority exploration asset in the southwest Athabasca Basin, along trend from NexGen’s Arrow and Paladin Energy’s Triple R uranium deposits, positioned for a significant uranium discovery.
• Extensive Portfolio in the Athabasca Basin: Over 235,000 acres (95,000+ hectares) across 13 projects in Canada’s premier uranium district, including active joint ventures at Sun Dog, Corvo, and Rocas.
• Project Generator Model: Leverages strategic partnerships to fund exploration and generate cash flow while retaining upside through 25 percent ownership and a 2.5 percent net smelter return (NSR) royalty on joint-venture projects.
• Fully Funded for Davidson River Drill Campaign: Financing completed to support 8,000 to 10,000 meters of drilling at Davidson River, planned for spring 2026.
• Rocas Drill Program: The first-ever drill program to be conducted on Rocas will commence in winter 2026, comprising approximately 1,800 metres.
• Corvo Drill Program: A skid-assisted diamond drill program totalling approximately 3,000 metres is planned for winter 2026, which will mark the first drill program on the Project in more than 40 years.
• Riding the Nuclear Power Renaissance: Positioned to benefit from global decarbonization trends and a long-term rise in uranium demand.
• Proven Team: Led by experienced geologists and exploration professionals with a track record of discoveries in the Athabasca Basin.

This Standard Uranium profile is part of a paid investor education campaign.*

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Investor Insight

With strategic, US-based assets, Trigg Minerals is well-positioned to become a cornerstone supplier of antimony and tungsten into the United States and allied markets. With a sharpened focus on critical minerals in Tier-1 jurisdictions, Trigg is executing a strategy that aligns with urgent national security and energy transition needs.

Overview

Trigg Minerals (ASX:TMG,OTCQB:TMGLF) is an emerging leader in the global critical minerals space, focused exclusively on the development of antimony and tungsten assets in the US – both metals designated as critical minerals by the United States, Canada, Australia and the European Union for its role in national defense, energy transition technologies, and advanced industrial applications.

Global supply of both antimony and tungsten is highly concentrated, with more than 80 percent controlled by China and Russia. Export restrictions, sanctions and the depletion of strategic stockpiles have created acute shortages, driving demand for alternative, conflict-free sources. This geopolitical backdrop creates a once-in-a-generation opportunity for new suppliers to anchor Western supply chains.

Trigg’s strategy is firmly focused on developing critical minerals projects in Tier-1 US jurisdictions, where stable regulatory frameworks, established infrastructure and strong government support provide a competitive advantage.

The company’s flagship Antimony Canyon project in Utah is one of the largest undeveloped antimony systems in the country, now secured through patented mining claims that streamline the pathway to production. Complementing this is the Tennessee Mountain tungsten project in Nevada, a historic tungsten district with confirmed high-grade mineralisation, and the newly acquired Central Idaho antimony project, which offers district-scale potential in a historically productive region.

By advancing this portfolio, Trigg aims to establish itself as a vertically integrated supplier, from mine development through to downstream smelting and refined metal production. With strong shareholder support, active engagement with US government and defence stakeholders, and membership in international industry associations, Trigg Minerals is positioned to play a leading role in rebuilding secure Western supply of antimony and tungsten.

Company Highlights

• ASX-listed explorer advancing critical mineral projects in the United States, with a focus on antimony and tungsten.
• Antimony Canyon Project (Utah) – flagship project with patented claims, high grades and a streamlined pathway to development.
• Tennessee Mountain Project (Nevada) – historic tungsten district with confirmed high-grade mineralisation.
• Central Idaho Antimony Project – district-scale landholding with grades up to 17.6 percent antimony.
• Optionality in Australia, including Wild Cattle Creek, one of the world’s highest-grade undeveloped antimony resources.
• Strong financial position and strategic investment support, including backing from Tribeca Investment Partners.
• Proposal to rebrand as American Antimony and Tungsten at the November 2025 AGM to reflect US focus.

Key Project

Antimony Canyon Project

Antimony Canyon, located in Utah, is Trigg’s flagship project and one of the largest undeveloped antimony systems in the United States. Historically mined during the 20th century but never subject to modern exploration, the district hosts multiple high-grade stibnite deposits. In 2025, Trigg consolidated control through the acquisition of 20 patented claims, giving the company full ownership of both surface and mineral rights. This control materially de-risks permitting by allowing the project to proceed under Utah’s streamlined Mined Land Reclamation Act, avoiding lengthy federal processes.

An exploration target of 6.1 to 6.9 million tonnes (Mt) at 1.4 to 2.3 per cent antimony, containing between 86,000 and 158,000 tonnes of antimony metal, has been established on these claims. Sampling programs have confirmed exceptional grades, including channel results up to 33.2 percent antimony. With no active US antimony production, Antimony Canyon offers a unique opportunity to establish domestic supply, with Trigg advancing studies for a pilot-scale mining operation and downstream smelting in partnership with Metso, leveraging Ausmelt technology for the production of refined antimony metal.

Tennessee Mountain Tungsten Project

In August 2025, Trigg expanded into tungsten through the acquisition of the Tennessee Mountain project in Nevada, another Tier-1 US jurisdiction. This historic mining district hosts the Garnet Mine and widespread skarn-hosted tungsten mineralisation. Historical trenching and drilling reported thick intersections of mineralised zones, including 24.9 metres at 0.65 percent tungsten trioxide and 10.67 metres at 0.98 percent tungsten trioxide. A non-JORC historical estimate of 0.71 Mt, grading 0.3 to 0.5 percent tungsten trioxide, underscores the scale and potential of the system. With tungsten also recognised as a critical mineral for defence and clean energy technologies, Tennessee Mountain provides diversification and growth within Trigg’s US portfolio.

Central Idaho Antimony Project

In September 2025, Trigg acquired the Central Idaho antimony project, located within the historically productive Swanholm Mining District. Early fieldwork has already confirmed very high-grade mineralisation, including assays up to 17.6 percent antimony from surface samples, with associated gold values. The project covers a district-scale landholding in an area geologically analogous to Perpetua Resources’ Stibnite gold project, which has received substantial US federal support. With minimal historic disturbance and no legacy tailings, the project offers a clean environmental baseline and a potentially straightforward permitting pathway.

Australian Projects

While Trigg’s near-term focus is firmly in the US, the company maintains optionality through its Australian portfolio. The Wild Cattle Creek deposit in New South Wales contains a JORC 2012 resource of 1.52 Mt at 1.97 percent antimony, representing ~30,000 tonnes of contained metal and ranking as one of the world’s highest-grade undeveloped antimony deposits. Additional Australian projects, including Taylors Arm, Spartan and Nundle, as well as the Drummond gold project in Queensland, provide longer-term exploration upside.

Management Team

Timothy Morrison – Executive Chairman

Tim Morrison is a highly experienced executive in the Australian resource and capital markets sector. With a background in law and investment banking, Morrison has held senior roles in both private and public resource companies, including those focused on critical minerals, base metals, and energy. His leadership at Trigg is defined by a clear strategic focus: unlock value from the Wild Cattle Creek deposit and position the company as a cornerstone in the global antimony supply chain. Morrison brings extensive experience in stakeholder engagement, project financing, and government relations, having previously led funding rounds, IPOs, and major project negotiations across multiple jurisdictions. His vision for Trigg is underpinned by a disciplined growth strategy and sovereign supply positioning.

Jonathan King – Chief Geologist

Jonathan King is a seasoned geologist with over 20 years of experience in mineral exploration and resource development. He has worked across a broad range of commodities including antimony, gold, copper, and rare earths, and has been instrumental in leading exploration teams across Australia, Southeast Asia and Africa. At Trigg, King is responsible for designing and executing the company’s exploration programs, including the upcoming high-impact drill campaign at Wild Cattle Creek. His technical leadership ensures that resource expansion is driven by rigorous geoscientific methodology, with a focus on unlocking district-scale potential across the broader Achilles project area.

Andre Booyzen – Non-executive Director

Andre Booyzen is an experienced mine operator and leader and has 25+ years of experience in operational, senior and executive roles, and is a specialist in antimony mining. He brings extensive experience in mine development, operational strategy, and off-take agreements. Booyzen previously served vice-president of Mandalay Resources (TSX:MND,OTCQB:MNDJF), where he had full strategic and operational control including product sales, off takes and funding negotiations at the Costerfield gold-antimony mine in Victoria, currently Australia’s only producer of antimony concentrate. Booyzen also served on the board of the Minerals Council of Australia (Victoria) for more than five years and was chairman for three of those.

Chris Gregory – Non-executive Director

Chris Gregory is a highly accomplished global mining executive and geologist with over 30 years of experience. He has an extensive leadership track record in discovery, development, mine operation and strategic growth across a wide range of commodities and jurisdictions. Gregory’s career included 22 years with Rio Tinto, where he led the discovery and evaluation of Sepon gold/copper deposit in Laos. He was vice-president, exploration and geology at Mandalay Resources, where he was instrumental in the success of the Costerfield Antimony/Gold mine in Victoria for more than 10 years up to 2022.

Nicholas Katris – Non-executive Director and Company Secretary

Nicholas Katris has over 15 years of experience in corporate advisory and public company management, having begun his career as a chartered accountant. He has been actively involved in the financial management of public companies within the mineral and resources sector, holding roles on both the board and executive management teams. His expertise spans the advancement and development of mineral resource assets, as well as business development. Throughout his career, Katris has worked across Australia, Africa, Brazil and Canada, gaining extensive experience in financial reporting, capital raising, and treasury management for resource companies. He currently serves as company secretary for Leeuwin Metals (ASX:LM1) and Perpetual Resources (ASX:PEC).

James Graf – Non-executive Director

James Graf has over 35 years of international capital markets, M&A and corporate management experience, including roles as CEO, CFO and/or board director of eight US-listed special purpose acquisition companies, and as a managing director at Deutsche Bank in Hong Kong and Merrill Lynch in Singapore. Graf currently serves as CEO and board director of Graf Global (NYSE:GRAF) and as interim CFO of NKGen Biotech (OTC:NKGN). He was previously a board director of Velodyne Lidar (Nasdaq:VLDR) and also founded an enterprise software company with operations in the US, Malaysia and Ukraine.

Investor Insight

Australia’s ongoing energy supply challenges continue to highlight the need for innovative, low-carbon energy solutions. BPH Energy’s strategic investments in natural gas, hydrogen and emerging technologies position it to participate in this transition and capture value from a rapidly expanding clean energy market.

Overview

Australia is on the verge of an energy crisis. Inaction by the Australian government on gas and energy security has resulted in a gas market that is very nearly running on empty, with extreme price hikes and the possibility of significant losses in employment and capital. Against the backdrop of a global clean energy transition, natural gas represents a critical fuel for this transition. The switch to renewable energy cannot occur overnight, and natural gas offers an avenue for a gradual transition.

Natural gas represents a low-carbon, low-emission alternative to traditional energy sources, and could even be leveraged for sustainable energy.

BPH Energy (ASX:BPH) intends to do precisely that. An investment company headquartered in Western Australia, BPH has already invested in two highly promising businesses in the energy sector. The first, Advent Energy, is an unlisted oil and gas exploration and production company.

The second, Clean Hydrogen Technologies, has developed a CO2-free method of processing gas into hydrogen and conductive carbon.

BPH has a diversified portfolio with an investment in medical technology company Cortical Dynamics, providing yet another avenue for potential growth.

In the financial year ended 30 June 2025, BPH remained profitable, reporting a 49 percent increase in net profit after tax to AU$6.8 million. The improvement was driven by fair value gains from its strategic investments, particularly in Clean Hydrogen Technologies and Cortical Dynamics. The company’s net tangible asset backing also rose to 3.2 cents per share, reflecting stronger asset valuations and a solid balance sheet position

Company Highlights

• BPH Energy holds a 35.8percent interest in Advent Energy, and together with Advent holds a combined 20.5 percent interest in Clean Hydrogen Technologies. It also holds 16.4 percent interest in Cortical Dynamics.
• Clean Hydrogen Technology is in the process of upscaling into a much larger commercial operation.
• Cortical Dynamics has the potential to expand its technology not just into the EU marketplace, but globally thanks to a licence and cooperation agreement with Philips.
• Due to the predicted gas supply shortfall, Advent Energy’s PEP11 asset has generated significant interest among investors and displays the potential for a significant uplift in value.
• PEP11 also has the potential to fill the gap represented by the impending gas shortage.
• Cortical Dynamics’ BARM system has received FDA 510(k) clearance in the USA for version 1, and the company has now completed development of its next-generation AI-enhanced BARM 2.0, with clinical trials and regulatory submissions now being initiated.internationally.
• Delivered strong FY2025 financial performance, with net profit up 49 percent to AU$6.8 million and higher net tangible assets per share.

Key Investments

Advent Energy

An unlisted oil and gas exploration company based in Western Australia, Advent maintains two major assets: Retention Lease 1, an onshore permit in the Bonaparte Basin, and the offshore Petroleum Export Permit 11 (PEP11) in the Sydney Basin, representing its most compelling asset.

Jointly owned by Advent subsidiary Asset Energy (85 percent) and Bounty Oil & Gas NL,(15 percent) the exploration area covers 4,649 square kilometers.

PEP11’s estimated prospective recoverable gas resources is 5.7 trillion cubic feet. With this resource alone, BPH and Advent could potentially fulfill the energy needs of most of Victoria and New South Wales for the next several decades.

While PEP-11 remains a key asset within BPH’s energy portfolio, the permit has been subject to an extended regulatory process and legal review regarding its renewal. Advent, through Asset Energy, has lodged a judicial review application in the Federal Court challenging the Joint Authority’s January 2025 decision to refuse renewal of the permit. The Court has suspended that decision pending a full hearing, now scheduled for February 2026. PEP-11 remains in force during this process.

Highlights:

Well-positioned Assets: PEP11 is situated less than 50 kilometers from the Sydney-Newcastle greater metropolitan area. In addition to this:

• The Sydney Basin is a proven hydrocarbon basin with excellent potential for further discovery of natural gas.
• It represents the closest potential carbon storage (geosequestration) area to NSW carbon sources which collectively represent 30 percent of Australia’s total CO2 output.
• PEP11 may also have potential as a CCS (geosequestration) project in the Sydney Basin.

A Proven Petroleum Basin: Ongoing hydrocarbon seeps have been confirmed in PEP11 along with geophysical indications of escaping gas. The asset’s prospectivity is supported by the seismically-indicated gas features historically observed by Advent and a 2011 geochemical report.

Clean Hydrogen Technologies

Based in the United States, Clean Hydrogen Technologies (CHT) continues to advance its proprietary thermo-catalytic pyrolysis process, which converts natural gas into hydrogen and conductive carbon without producing CO₂ emissions.

Following successful pilot operations in India, CHT has entered the commercialization phase, designing production plants in both India and the United States. The company plans to begin limited hydrogen and carbon composite output within months of securing final project funding.

Highlights:

• Patents: Two comprehensive US patents filed, with additional filings planned as part of ongoing R&D.

• Expansion: Commercial facilities under design in India (Maharashtra) and the US (likely Louisiana).

• Ownership: BPH Energy now holds a 16.2 percent direct interest in CHT, and together with Advent Energy (4.3 percent) holds a combined 20.5 percent stake in the company.

Medical Technology Investment: Cortical Dynamics

Cortical Dynamics is an Australian neurotechnology developer and medical device manufacturer focused on developing the next generation brain function monitors by employing the latest theories and technologies in the field.

Headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, Cortical Dynamics is focused on commercializing its core product, the Brain Anaesthesia Response Monitor System (BARM), which was developed with the objective of better detecting the effect of anesthetic and analgesic agents on human brain activity. BARM aids anesthetists in keeping patients optimally anesthetized and pain-free during operations using general anesthesia.

BARM was specifically developed to solve several problems associated with anesthetic and analgesic delivery in the operating theater and negative post-operative consequences. Its proprietary algorithms are based on innovative developments in understanding how the brain’s rhythmic electrical activity or EEG is produced.

Highlights:

• Physiology-based algorithm: Unlike other monitors, BARM’s algorithms are based on the individual patient’s physiological processes that produce electrical activity in the brain, providing more interpretable and personalized monitoring of their response to anesthetic agents.
• Global patents: Cortical has an extensive and growing global patent portfolio, and has secured FDA 510(k) clearance in the USA for its flagship technology, the Brain Anaesthesia Response Monitor or BARM system version 1.
• Regulatory Approvals: BARM version 1 is approved by regulatory bodies in Australia, the European Union and Korea.
• Recent Progress: Cortical has completed technical development of its next-generation AI-enhanced BARM 2.0 system, which unifies hypnotic depth and pain response monitoring. Clinical trials are now plannedin the US and the Netherlands, to be followed by global regulatory submissions.
• World-class Team: A team of experienced researchers, biomedical engineers and corporate financiers make up Cortical Dynamics, with a global network of key opinion leaders and clinicians advising the company on the development of the BARM technology based on real challenges they face in the operating room.
• Philips Partnership: Cortical Dynamics has a non-exclusive license and cooperation partnership with global medical industry player Philips Electronics North America to interface the BARM system with Philips’ operating theater monitors.

Management Team

David Breeze — Managing Director and Executive Chairman

David Breeze is a corporate finance specialist with extensive experience in the stock broking industry and capital markets. He has been a corporate consultant to Daiwa Securities, manager of corporate services for Eyres Reed McIntosh, and state manager and associate director for the stock broking firm BNZ Norths. Breeze is a fellow of the Institute of Company Directors of Australia. He has published in the Journal of Securities Institute of Australia and has also acted as independent expert under the Corporations Act. He has worked on the structuring, capital raising and public listing of more than 70 companies involving more than $300 million, covering a range of areas including oil and gas, gold, food, manufacturing and technology. Breeze is chairman of Grandbridge Limited, a public investment and advisory company and MEC Resources, a public company investing in exploration companies that target potentially large energy and mineral resources. He is also chairman of Advent Energy.

Tony Huston

Tony Huston has been involved for over 35 years in engineering and hydrocarbon industries for both on and offshore exploration/development. His early career experience commenced with Fitzroy Engineering, primarily working on the development of onshore oil fields. In 1996, Huston formed his own E&P company on re-entry of onshore wells primarily targeting shallow pay that had been passed or ignored from previous operations. This was successful and the two plays opened up 15 years ago and are still in operation. His focus over the last 10 years has been to utilize new technology for enhanced resource recovery, which has been demonstrated in various fields, including US, Mexico, Oman, Italy and Turkmenistan.

Charles Maling

Charles Maling was formerly the communications officer for the Office of the Western Australian State Government Environmental Protection Authority, advising the chairman of the EPA on media issues. Maling has worked with the Western Australian State Government Department of the Environment for 14 years and a further eight years for the EPA. His administrative roles included environmental research (including a major study on Perth Metropolitan coastal waters and Western Australian estuaries) environmental regulation and enforcement, and media management.

Dr Sunil Nagaraj – Chief Scientist (Cortical Dynamics)

Dr. Sunil Belur Nagaraj obtained his master’s degree from the University of Victoria in Canada in 2010; and doctoral degree from University College Cork, Ireland in 2015. His doctoral research centered around the development of AI-based real-time brain monitoring, utilising EEG recordings to monitor brain activity. After a role as a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital in the USA. Nagaraj assumed the position of an assistant professor of medicine at the University Medical Centre Groningen in The Netherlands for two years. Concurrently, he dedicated three years to working as a scientist at Royal Philips, where he specialised in sleep disorders at the Innovation Forum, highlighting its potential to provide future insights into heart-brain connectivity.